Bulgaria : The LGBTQI+ Community Struggles Against the Far Right

An Organization Under Pressure in a Hostile Environment

In Sofia, Bulgaria’s capital, the LGBTQI+ organization Bilitis operates under constant threat. Its community center, the Rainbow Hub, remains hidden without external signage, reflecting the hostile environment. After a violent attack in 2021 led by Boyan Rasate, a far-right politician, the center relocated to a safer, more discreet location surrounded by office spaces. However, the fear of targeted assaults persists.

An Anti-LGBT Law Intensifies Challenges

In June 2024, Bulgaria passed a law banning “LGBT propaganda” in schools, closely resembling legislation in Russia and Hungary. The law prohibits discussions about non-traditional sexual orientations and gender identities, causing widespread panic among educators and students. Despite protests and over 7,000 petition signatures, the law was signed by President Rumen Radev. The ambiguity of its enforcement has left many confused about acceptable discourse, with the LGBTQI+ community bearing the brunt of its implications.

Severe Mental Health Impact on Youth

LGBTQI+ youth are disproportionately affected by this law. Reports of students being expelled for wearing pro-LGBT clothing have surfaced, while bullying and physical assaults are rampant. Mental health issues among LGBTQI+ students have surged, with 50% considering suicide and 68% experiencing harassment. The psychological toll continues to deepen as the hostile environment intensifies.

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Rising Violence and Mass Exodus

Bulgaria scores among the lowest in the EU for LGBTQI+ rights, with a 23.22% rating from ILGA Europe. This dire situation has driven many LGBTQI+ individuals to consider emigrating, as violence and discrimination escalate. The far-right Vazrazhdane party, which initiated the anti-LGBT law, has gained significant political traction by exploiting the country’s instability, becoming the third-largest political force in Bulgaria.

A Relentless Fight for LGBTQI+ Rights

Amid growing hostility, LGBTQI+ activists remain resilient. Organizations like Deystvie are pursuing legal challenges at both national and European levels, while also monitoring Bulgaria’s compliance with EU standards. Bilitis and Single Step continue providing psychological support and organizing training to combat prejudice.

Despite the odds, the LGBTQI+ community in Bulgaria persists in its fight for equality. The collective efforts of activists and allies aim to foster resilience and hope for a future where acceptance and understanding prevail.